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Edward’s Homage to Philip VI
Some months after Philip of Valois became King Philip VI of France, Edward III did homage to him for his Duchy of Aquitaine. By...
Dispute After the Death of Louis X’s Son
After the death of King Louis X, his queen gave birth to a baby boy. For a short time, the child was considered king....
Problems with Edward’s Argument
According to Edward III’s argument, the crown could pass through women, even if women themselves could not rule. However, this idea creates many problems...
The Decline of Chivalry with the Rise of Artillery
The arrival of artillery fundamentally changed the nature of warfare. Previously, a knight’s personal skill, strength, and armor were key advantages on the battlefield....
The Historical Struggles of the Flemings
The recent events in Belgium give special interest to the history of earlier times. The struggles of the Flemish people in the fourteenth and...
The Rise of Civic Freedom in Flanders
A large portion of the third volume of this work focuses on a remarkable period in European history. This era was crucial because it...
Thyateira and the Battle of Magnesia
Before the decisive Battle of Magnesia in 190 BCE, the Seleucid army camped in the area around Thyateira. This important battle was fought between...
Early Christian Churches in Pergamum
Archaeological excavations have revealed the remains of several church buildings in ancient Pergamum. These discoveries show that Christianity became well established in the city...
The Heresy of Balaam in Pergamum
It seems that, despite their faith in the new Christian religion, some believers in Pergamum were still following practices that St John considered dangerous....
A Fixed Assumption That Led to Error
Gyllius approached the question of the Hebdomon with a fixed idea already settled in his mind. He believed that no place could properly be...
