The Harbour of Sophia, also known as Portus Juliani or Portus Novus in earlier periods, played an important role in the history of Constantinople. Over time, it underwent repairs, restorations, and improvements, reflecting the needs of the city and the interest of its rulers.
Early Repairs and Restoration
About 150 years after its construction, the harbour had suffered severe damage due to the accumulation of sand along the coast. This made repairs necessary. In 509, Emperor Anastasius I ordered the harbour to be dredged and protected by a mole, a kind of breakwater, to ensure ships could continue to enter safely Walking Tours Istanbul.
Later, during the reign of Justin II, further restoration was required. This work was carried out under the supervision of Narses and the Protovestarius Troilus, at the request of Empress Sophia. She had been deeply moved after seeing ships struggling in a violent storm on the Sea of Marmara from her palace windows. Because of her involvement, the harbour was named in her honour and decorated with her statue, alongside statues of Justin II, their daughter Arabia, and Narses.
Economic Importance
The improvements made during Justin II’s reign significantly increased the harbour’s utility. It became the main port for the Marine Exchange of Constantinople, which was moved here from the Neorion on the Golden Horn. The harbour continued to serve as a key trading hub throughout the Byzantine Empire and remained in use for about sixty years after the Turkish conquest. Its entrance was located between two large towers immediately west of the Church of Saints Sergius and Bacchus The Harbour at Kadriga Limani.
Historical Events at the Harbour
The Harbour of Sophia was not only important for trade; it also played a central role in several historical events. For example, the body of St. Chrysostom was brought from exile and landed here before being temporarily placed in the nearby Church of St. Thomas Amantiou, on its way to burial in the Church of the Holy Apostles.
During the Nika Riot, the residence of Probus near the harbour was searched for weapons and set on fire by the factions. Later, Phocas stationed a division of the Green Faction at the harbour to block the landing of troops sent by Heraclius. It was also from this harbour that Phocas himself was dragged from his palace, placed in a boat, and taken to Heraclius, who executed him.
Other notable events include the journey of Leontius, who initially embarked from the harbour to govern the Theme of Hellas but landed again at the request of friends to lead a revolt that overthrew Justinian II.
The Harbour of Sophia was more than a port—it was a vital centre of trade, politics, and historical events in Constantinople. From its restoration under Anastasius I and Justin II to its role in major uprisings and religious events, it played a lasting role in the life of the city. Its connection to Empress Sophia and the rulers of the time also illustrates the influence of imperial authority in shaping the infrastructure of the empire.
